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1.
Nat Prod Res ; 35(23): 5224-5228, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32182147

RESUMO

Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and affects the poorest population in the Americas. Fourteen plant extracts and seventeen sesquiterpene lactones from the tribe Vernonieae (Asteraceae), were evaluated for the first time against T. cruzi. Cytotoxicity employing HeLa cells was also assessed. The best results were obtained with leaves and flowers rinse extracts from Vernonanthura nebularum (E-1 and E-3) and Elephantopus mollis (E-11 and E-13), with IC50 values <2 µg/mL, being E-1 the most active (IC50 = 0.8 µg/mL). Additionally, these extracts displayed a good selectivity (SI > 10). The most active sesquiterpene lactones, isolated from the extracts, were 2 (2-methoxy-2,5-epoxy-8-methacryloxygermacra-3Z,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide) and 6 (2-ethoxy-2,5-epoxy-8-angeloxygermacra-3Z,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide) from V. nebularum and 12 (8α-methacryloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate) from V. pinguis, with IC50 of 1.5, 2.1 and 2.0 µM, respectively. These compounds showed SI values >14, better than those of the reference drug nifurtimox. Plants living in South American ecosystems could become a potential source of trypanocidal agents.


Assuntos
Asteraceae , Sesquiterpenos , Tripanossomicidas , Ecossistema , Células HeLa , Humanos , Lactonas/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , América do Sul , Tripanossomicidas/farmacologia
2.
Con-ciencia (La Paz) ; 7(1): 21-30, abr. 2019. ilus., tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIBOCS | ID: biblio-1178658

RESUMO

El ministerio de salud tiene como una de las prioridades en investigación a las enfermedades infecciosas, entre las que incluye a las leishmaniasis y la tripanosomiasis americana. En la Facultad Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas se estudian especies vegetales medicinales utilizadas por la cultura Tacana como fuente de agentes antiparasitarios potenciales. Los laboratorios dedicados al descubrimiento de moléculas naturales con actividad antiparasitaria, tienen el desafío de desarrollar protocolos que permitan detectar biomoléculas selectivas, efectivas y menos tóxicas que las disponibles. Por ende, las evaluaciones antiparasitarias in vitro (CI50), deberían ir acompañadas de evaluaciones de citotoxicidad (DL50), con el fin de calcular un Índice de Selectividad (IS=DL50 / CI50) como parámetro de especificidad biológica. La citotoxicidad fue medida sobre líneas de macrófagos (RAW 264.7, murino), células involucradas en las infecciones por parásitos intracelulares. El protocolo fluorométrico parte con una población de 5x104 células/mL, incubada a 37ºC en DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's médium), por 96 horas, con adición de resazurina (2mM) 3 horas antes de las lecturas finales. Bajo estas condiciones se evaluó la citotoxicidad de drogas control y 15 extractos vegetales seleccionados por su actividad anti-kinetoplastida. El extracto de Cosmailu fue el más citotóxico, Ejije bid'u resultó selectivo para T. cruzi y Leishmania amazonensis, mientras que Id'ene eidhue, fue selectivo para L. amazonensis. Finalmente, los otros 12 extractos resultaron ser poco selectivos o citotóxicos.


The Ministry of Health has infectious diseases as one of the research priorities, including leishmaniasis and American trypanosomiasis. The Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences develops evaluations of medicinal plant species used by the Tacana culture as a source of potential antiparasitic agents. Laboratories dedicated to the discovery of natural molecules with antiparasitic activity, have the challenge of developing protocols that allow the detection of selective, effective and less toxic biomolecules than those available. Therefore, in vitro antiparasitic evaluations (IC50) should be accompanied by cytotoxicity evaluations (LD50), in order to calculate a Selectivity Index (IS = LD50/ IC50) as a parameter of biological specificity. The cytotoxicity was measured on macrophage line (RAW 264.7, murine), cells engaged on intracellular parasites infections. The fluorometric protocol starts with an initial population of 5x104 cells/mL, incubated at 37ºC, in DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium) for 96 hours with addition of resazurin (2mM) 3 hours, before final readings. Under these conditions the cytotoxicity of control drugs and 15 plant extracts, selected by their anti-kinetoplastid activity, was evaluated. Cosumailu extract was the most cytotoxic, Ejije bid'u was selective for T. cruzi, and Leishmania amazonensis, while Id'ene eidhue, was selective for L. amazonensis. Finally, the other 12 extracts were little selective or cytotoxic.


Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Leishmaniose , Doenças Parasitárias , Extratos Vegetais , Diagnóstico
3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23762135

RESUMO

The in vitro trypanocidal activity of a 1 : 4 mixture of lupenone and caryophyllene oxide confirmed a synergistic effect of the terpenoids against epimastigotes forms of T. cruzi (IC50 = 10.4 µ g/mL, FIC = 0.46). In addition, testing of the terpenoid mixture for its capacity to reduce the number of amastigote nests in cardiac tissue and skeletal muscle of infected mice showed a reduction of more than 80% at a dose level of 20.8 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1).

4.
Chem Biodivers ; 2(2): 264-74, 2005 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17191979

RESUMO

The in vitro antiplasmodial activity of 26 naphthoquinone derivatives related to the natural lapachol (1) and beta-lapachone (2) was tested. Ten of these derivatives are reported for the first time. The evaluation was performed on cultures of F32 strain of Plasmodium falciparum, and some derivatives displayed attractive in vitro activities (IC50 < 10 microM). Based on these results, some structure-activity relationships have been determined.


Assuntos
Antimaláricos/química , Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Naftoquinonas/química , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Estrutura Molecular , Naftoquinonas/farmacologia
5.
Biofarbo ; 11: 9-13, 2003. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-385164

RESUMO

En Bolivia la producción agrícola tiene importancia económica, debido a que existe una gran diversidad de ecosistemas aptos para diferentes cultivos, sin embargo, estos cultivos están siendo afectados por hongos fitopatógenos comO Uromyces fabae que causa la roya en cultivos de haba (Vicia faba) y AspergiUus sp. que causa el pulveranríento del maíz (Zea mays). En este estudio se describe el aislamiento e identificación de hongos fitopatógenos del Altiplano boliviano y valle Cochabambino como primer paso para realizar una estrategia en el manejo integrado de plagas, asimismo, se realizó pruebas de confirmación de fitopatogenicidad con los filtrados de cultivo de los hongos mediante la implementación de la técnica de bioensayo de gota en hojas sanas de haba y maíz


Assuntos
Produção Agrícola/classificação , Produção Agrícola/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produção Agrícola/metabolismo , Fungos
6.
Biofarbo ; 4(4): 51-62, dic. 1995. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-285443

RESUMO

Los aceites esenciales de Pimpinella anisum (Apiaceae) Tagetes pusilla (Asteraceae), Tagets minuta (Asteraceae), Parastrephia lepidophyla(Asteraceae), Satureja boliviana (Lamiaceae) y Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae) fueron extraidos por arrastre de vapor y evaluados por su actividad antibacteriana contra: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subttilis, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli y Salmonella enteritidis, actividad antimicótica contra: Neurospora crassa Trichophytom rubrum, T. mentagrophytes y microsporum cannis y actividad insecticida contra: Larvas de Aedes aegypti, larvas y huevos de Triatoma infestans


Assuntos
Humanos , Inseticidas , Óleos de Plantas , Bolívia , Escherichia , Pimpinella saxifraga , Staphylococcus , Triatoma
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